由于项目需要使用java来linux进行管理，近一番查找，发现第三方jar包 jsch 可以轻松实现对linux的管理，（相关文档及例子请访问官网），故引进。

在网上搜索了一些资料参考并修改（资料来源地址一下子找不到了，有发现的请提醒加上），创建一个工具类，可以实现对linux上的基本操作及系统上文件的上传和下载。

代码如下：

 

/** * @description 用来创建与 linux 交互的会话，操作文件和执行 操作 命令 * @date: 2016/7/25 * @author: gongtao */public class LinuxConnetionHelper {    private static final org.slf4j.Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LinuxConnetionHelper.class);    private static final int TIME_OUT = 5*60*1000; //设置超时为5分钟    private static final Map
     
       cache = new HashMap<>(); //session缓存    public static SessionMonitor sessionMonitor;    /**     * 创建 连接，需手动关闭     * @param host     * @param userName     * @param password     * @param port     * @throws JSchException     */    public static Session connect(String host,String userName,String password,int port) throws JSchException {        //创建对象        JSch jsch = new JSch();        //创建会话        Session session = jsch.getSession(userName,host, port);        //输入密码        session.setPassword(password);        //配置信息        Properties config = new Properties();        //设置不用检查hostKey        //如果设置成“yes”，ssh就不会自动把计算机的密匙加入“$HOME/.ssh/known_hosts”文件，        //并且一旦计算机的密匙发生了变化，就拒绝连接。        config.setProperty("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");//        //默认值是 “yes” 此处是由于我们SFTP服务器的DNS解析有问题，则把UseDNS设置为“no”//        config.put("UseDNS", "no");        session.setConfig(config);        //过期时间        session.setTimeout(TIME_OUT);        //建立连接        session.connect();        return session;    }    /**     * 创建  连接，无需手动关闭     * @param host     * @param userName     * @param password     * @param port     * @throws JSchException     */    public static Session longConnect(String host,String userName,String password,int port) throws JSchException {        String key = host + userName + password + port;        Session session = cache.get(key);        if (session == null){            //创建对象            JSch jsch = new JSch();            //创建会话            session = jsch.getSession(userName,host, port);            //输入密码            session.setPassword(password);            //配置信息            Properties config = new Properties();            //设置不用检查hostKey            //如果设置成“yes”，ssh就不会自动把计算机的密匙加入“$HOME/.ssh/known_hosts”文件，            //并且一旦计算机的密匙发生了变化，就拒绝连接。            config.setProperty("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");//        //默认值是 “yes” 此处是由于我们SFTP服务器的DNS解析有问题，则把UseDNS设置为“no”//        config.put("UseDNS", "no");            session.setConfig(config);            //过期时间            //session.setTimeout(TIME_OUT);            //建立连接，此时会在linux上新建一个进程，timeout 并不会结束进程，只有调用disconnect()才会结束此进程            session.connect();            cache.put(key,session);        }else{            //判断session是否失效            if (testSessionIsDown(key)){                //session is down                //session 失去连接则清除                closeLongSessionByKey(key);                //重新生成session                session = longConnect(host, userName, password, port);            }        }        //创建定时器        createSessionMonitor();        return session;    }    /**     * 销毁 session     * @param session     */    public static void close(Session session){        if (session != null){            session.disconnect();        }    }    /**     * 测试session是否失效     * @param key     * @return     */    public static boolean testSessionIsDown(String key){        Session session = cache.get(key);        if (session == null){            return true;        }        ChannelExec channelExec = null;        try {            channelExec = openChannelExec(session);            channelExec.setCommand("true");            channelExec.connect();            return false;        }catch (Throwable e){            //session is down            return true;        }finally {            if (channelExec != null){                channelExec.disconnect();            }        }    }    /**     * 销毁 session     * @param key     */    public static synchronized void closeLongSessionByKey(String key){        Session session = cache.get(key);        if (session != null){            session.disconnect();            cache.remove(key);        }    }    /**     * 销毁 session     * @param session     */    public static void closeLongSessionBySession(Session session){        Iterator iterator = cache.keySet().iterator();        while (iterator.hasNext()){            String key = (String)iterator.next();            Session oldSession = cache.get(key);            if (session == oldSession){                session.disconnect();                cache.remove(key);                return;            }        }    }    /**     * 创建一个 sftp 通道并建立连接     * @param session     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static ChannelSftp openChannelSftp(Session session) throws Exception    {        ChannelSftp channelSftp = (ChannelSftp)session.openChannel("sftp");        channelSftp.connect();        return channelSftp;    }    /**     * 关闭 sftp 通道     * @param channelSftp     * @throws Exception     */    public static void closeChannelSftp(ChannelSftp channelSftp)    {        if (channelSftp != null){            channelSftp.disconnect();        }    }    /**     * 下载文件     * @param remoteFile     *          远程服务器的文件路径     * @param localPath     *          需要保存文件的本地路径     * @throws IOException     * @throws SftpException     */    public static void downloadFile(Session session , String remoteFile, String localPath) throws Exception {        ChannelSftp channelSftp = openChannelSftp(session);        try {            String remoteFilePath = remoteFile.substring(0, remoteFile.lastIndexOf("/"));            String remoteFileName = remoteFile.substring(remoteFile.lastIndexOf("/") + 1,remoteFile.length());            if(localPath.charAt(localPath.length() - 1) != '/'){                localPath += '/';            }            File file = new File(localPath + remoteFileName);            if (!file.getParentFile().exists()) {                file.getParentFile().mkdirs();                file.createNewFile();            }            OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);            try {                channelSftp.cd(remoteFilePath);                log.info("远程服务器路径：" + remoteFilePath);                log.info("本地下载路径：" + localPath + remoteFileName);                SftpATTRS attrs = channelSftp.lstat(remoteFile);                channelSftp.get(remoteFile, output, new FileSftpProgressMonitor(attrs.getSize()));            }catch (Exception e){                throw e;            }finally {                output.flush();                output.close();            }        }catch (Exception e){            throw e;        }finally {            closeChannelSftp(channelSftp);        }    }    /**     * 上传文件     * @param localFile     *          本地文件路径     * @param remotePath     *          远程服务器路径     * @throws IOException     * @throws SftpException     */    public static void uploadFile(Session session,String localFile,String remotePath) throws Exception {        ChannelSftp channelSftp = openChannelSftp(session);        String remoteFileName = localFile.substring(localFile.lastIndexOf("/") + 1, localFile.length());        File file = new File(localFile);        final InputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);        try {            channelSftp.cd(remotePath);        }catch (SftpException e){            String tempPath = null;            try {                tempPath = remotePath.substring(0, remotePath.lastIndexOf("/"));                channelSftp.cd(tempPath);            }catch (SftpException e1){                channelSftp.mkdir(tempPath);            }            channelSftp.mkdir(remotePath);            channelSftp.cd(remotePath);        }        log.info("远程服务器路径：" + remotePath);        log.info("本地上传路径：" + localFile);        try {            channelSftp.put(input, remoteFileName, new FileSftpProgressMonitor(file.length()));        }catch (Exception e){            throw e;        }finally {            input.close();            closeChannelSftp(channelSftp);        }    }    /**     * 文件上传     * @param session     * @param inputStream     * @param fileName     * @param remotePath     * @throws Exception     */    public static void uploadFile(Session session,InputStream inputStream,String fileName,String remotePath) throws Exception {        ChannelSftp channelSftp = openChannelSftp(session);        channelSftp.cd(remotePath);        log.info("远程服务器路径：" + remotePath);        try {            channelSftp.put(inputStream, fileName,new FileSftpProgressMonitor(inputStream.available()));        }catch (Exception e){            throw e;        }finally {            inputStream.close();            closeChannelSftp(channelSftp);        }    }    /**     * 获取远程服务器文件列表     * @param session     * @param remotePath     *          远程服务器路径     * @return     * @throws SftpException     */    public static Vector listFiles(Session session,String remotePath) throws Exception {        ChannelSftp channelSftp = openChannelSftp(session);        try {            Vector vector = channelSftp.ls(remotePath);            return vector;        }catch (Exception e){            throw e;        }finally {            closeChannelSftp(channelSftp);        }    }    /**     * 删除文件     * @param session     * @param remotePath     * @param fileName     * @throws Exception     */    public static void removeFile(Session session,String remotePath,String fileName) throws Exception{        ChannelSftp channelSftp = openChannelSftp(session);        try {            channelSftp.cd(remotePath);            channelSftp.rm(fileName);        }catch (Exception e){            throw e;        }finally {            closeChannelSftp(channelSftp);        }    }    /**     * 删除文件夹     * @param session     * @param remotePath     * @throws Exception     */    public static void removeDir(Session session,String remotePath) throws Exception{        ChannelSftp channelSftp = openChannelSftp(session);        try {            if (remotePath.lastIndexOf("/") == remotePath.length() - 1){                remotePath = remotePath.substring(0,remotePath.length() - 1);            }            String parentDir = remotePath.substring(0,remotePath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);            String rmDir = remotePath.substring(remotePath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1,remotePath.length());            channelSftp.cd(parentDir);            channelSftp.rmdir(rmDir);        }catch (Exception e){            throw e;        }finally {            closeChannelSftp(channelSftp);        }    }    /**     * 新建一个 exec 通道     * @param session     * @return     * @throws JSchException     */    public static ChannelExec openChannelExec(Session session) throws JSchException {        ChannelExec channelExec = (ChannelExec)session.openChannel("exec");        return channelExec;    }    /**     * 关闭 exec 通道     * @param channelExec     */    public static void closeChannelExec(ChannelExec channelExec){        if (channelExec != null){            channelExec.disconnect();        }    }    /**     * 执行 脚本     * @param session     * @param cmd     *          执行 .sh 脚本     * @param charset     *          字符格式     * @return     * @throws IOException     * @throws JSchException     */    public static String[] execCmd(Session session,String cmd,String charset) throws Exception{        //打开通道        ChannelExec channelExec = openChannelExec(session);        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();        ByteArrayOutputStream error = new ByteArrayOutputStream();        channelExec.setCommand(cmd);        channelExec.setOutputStream(out);        channelExec.setErrStream(error);        channelExec.connect();        //确保能够执行完成及响应所有数据        Thread.sleep(10000);        String[] msg = new String[2];        msg[0] = new String(out.toByteArray(),charset);        msg[1] = new String(error.toByteArray(),charset);        out.close();        error.close();        //关闭通道        closeChannelExec(channelExec);        return msg;    }    /**     * 创建一个交互式的 shell 通道     * @param session     * @return     * @throws JSchException     */    public static ChannelShell openChannelShell(Session session) throws JSchException{        ChannelShell channelShell = (ChannelShell)session.openChannel("shell");        return channelShell;    }    /**     * 关闭 shell 通道     * @param channelShell     */    public static void closeChannelShell(ChannelShell channelShell){        if (channelShell != null){            channelShell.disconnect();        }    }    /**     * 执行命令     * @param cmds     *          命令参数     * @param session     * @param timeout     *          连接超时时间     * @param sleepTimeout     *          线程等待时间     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static String execShellCmd(String[] cmds,Session session,int timeout,int sleepTimeout) throws Exception {        //打开通道        ChannelShell channelShell = openChannelShell(session);        //设置输入输出流        PipedOutputStream pipedOut = new PipedOutputStream();        ByteArrayOutputStream errorOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();        channelShell.setInputStream(new PipedInputStream(pipedOut));        channelShell.setOutputStream(errorOut);        channelShell.connect(timeout);        for (String cmd : cmds){            pipedOut.write(cmd.getBytes("UTF-8"));            //线程休眠，保证执行命令后能够及时返回响应数据            Thread.sleep(sleepTimeout);        }        String msg = new String(errorOut.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");        log.info(msg);        pipedOut.close();        errorOut.close();        //关闭通道        closeChannelShell(channelShell);        return msg;    }    /**     * 创建定时器，清除timeout 的 session 连接     */    public static void createSessionMonitor(){        if (sessionMonitor == null){            synchronized (SessionMonitor.class){                if (sessionMonitor == null){                    //定时器，定时清除失效的session                    sessionMonitor = new SessionMonitor();                    sessionMonitor.start();                }            }        }    }    /**     * 监控文件传输     */   static class FileSftpProgressMonitor extends TimerTask implements SftpProgressMonitor{        private long progressInterval = 5 * 1000; // 默认间隔时候为5秒        private boolean isEnd = false; // 记录传输是否停止        private long transfered; // 记录已传输的数据总大小        private long fileSize; // 记录文件总大小        private Timer timer; // 定时器对象        private boolean isScheduled = false; // 记录是否已启动timer定时器       private NumberFormat df = NumberFormat.getInstance(); //格式化        public FileSftpProgressMonitor(long fileSize){            this.fileSize = fileSize;        }        @Override        public void run() {            if (!isEnd()){                long transfered = getTransfered();                if (transfered != fileSize){                    log.info("Current transfered: " + transfered + " bytes");                    sendProgressMessage(transfered);                }else{                    log.info("transfered end.");                    setIsEnd(true);                }            }else {                log.info("Transfering done. Cancel timer.");                stop(); // 若是传输停止，停止timer记时器            }        }        /**         * 定时器关闭         */        public void stop() {            log.info("Try to stop progress monitor.");            if (timer != null) {                timer.cancel();                timer.purge();                timer = null;                isScheduled = false;            }            log.info("Progress monitor stoped.");        }        /**         * 定时器启动         */        public void start() {            log.info("Try to start progress monitor.");            if (timer == null) {                timer = new Timer();            }            timer.schedule(this, 1000, progressInterval);            isScheduled = true;            log.info("Progress monitor started.");        }        /**         * 传输进度         * @param transfered         */        private void sendProgressMessage(long transfered) {            if (fileSize != 0) {                double d = ((double)transfered * 100)/(double)fileSize;                log.info("Sending progress message: " + df.format(d) + "%");            } else {                log.info("Sending progress message: " + transfered);            }        }        @Override        public void init(int i, String s, String s1, long l) {            log.info("transfering start.");        }        @Override        public boolean count(long l) {            if (isEnd()){                return false;            }            if (!getIsScheduled()){                start();            }            add(l);            return true;        }        @Override        public void end() {            setIsEnd(false);            log.info("transfering end.");        }        private synchronized void add(long count) {            transfered = transfered + count;        }        public synchronized  boolean isEnd() {            return isEnd;        }        public synchronized  void setIsEnd(boolean isEnd) {            this.isEnd = isEnd;        }        public synchronized  long getTransfered() {            return transfered;        }        public synchronized  void setTransfered(long transfered) {            this.transfered = transfered;        }        public synchronized  boolean getIsScheduled() {            return isScheduled;        }        public synchronized  void setIsScheduled(boolean isScheduled) {            this.isScheduled = isScheduled;        }    }    /**     * 定时器，定时清除失效的session     */    static class SessionMonitor extends TimerTask{        private Timer timer; // 定时器对象        private long progressInterval = 30 * 1000; // 默认间隔时候为30秒        @Override        public void run() {            if (!cache.isEmpty()){                Iterator iterator = cache.keySet().iterator();                while (iterator.hasNext()){                    String key = (String)iterator.next();                    //清除失效session                    if (testSessionIsDown(key)){                        closeLongSessionByKey(key);                    }                }            }        }        public void start(){            if (timer == null){                timer = new Timer();            }            timer.schedule(this,1000,progressInterval);        }        public void stop(){            if (timer != null) {                timer.cancel();                timer.purge();                timer = null;            }        }    }}